• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for improving an iron-nickel-chromium-manganese alloy and the use of such an alloy for the manufacture of a watch spiral, a basic alloy comprising by weight: - from 9.0% to 13.0% of nickel, - from 4.0% to 12.0% of chromium, - from 21.0% to 25.0% of manganese, - the balance of iron, and then hardening said alloy, while maintaining its antiferromagnetic properties, by introducing carbon and nitrogen interstitial, with, in proportion to the mass of said base alloy: - from 0.10% to 1.20 % carbon, and / or - from 0.10% to 1.20% nitrogen.
    公开号:CH711882A2
    申请号:CH01758/15
    申请日:2015-12-02
    公开日:2017-06-15
    发明作者:Charbon Christian
    申请人:Nivarox-Far S A；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The invention relates to a process for improving an iron-nickel-chromium-manganese alloy for horological applications.
    The invention also relates to the use of such an alloy for producing a spiral.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] The thermo-compensating alloys used for clockwork spirals are for the most part derived from the work of Charles-Edouard Guillaume and based on the Elinvar Fe-Ni-Cr. Hardening elements have since been added: W + C, or Ti + Al, or Be, or Nb, which have in particular given rise to the alloys "Elinvar", "Ni-Span", "Nivarox", "Isoval".
    All these alloys, which are suitable for the application because of their mechanical properties, however, are ferromagnetic, and therefore sensitive to magnetic fields, which is detrimental to the running of a watch.
    In the years 1970-1990, work on antiferromagnetic alloys have been published but have not given rise to industrial developments. These alloys are almost insensitive to the effect of a magnetic field, but present some industrial difficulties and the arrival of the crisis of the 1980's stopped the developments. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0006] The work of Dr. Ing. Manfred Müller, a particularly interesting family of antiferromagnetic alloys, Fe-Mn-Ni-Cr type.
    It is possible to harden such alloys by adding Be, or by adding Ti + AI.
    The Be is undesirable because of its toxicity. And the addition of Ti + Al is difficult because Ti and Al react with the Ni present in the alloy, and modify the composition locally, thereby making it difficult to control the thermal coefficient of the alloy; in addition, the precipitation hardening of Ni3Al and Ti3Al tends to reduce the ductility of the alloy.
    The object of the invention is to find an alternative for satisfactory hardening.
    For this purpose, the invention relates to a method for improving an iron-nickel-chromium-manganese alloy for horological applications, according to claim 1.
    In summary, the present invention allows to harden a Fe-Mn-Ni-Cr type alloy, by the introduction of carbon and nitrogen interstitial, according to the principle of HIS steels.
    Such hardening by C + N allows the development of alloys with good mechanical properties, which are antiferromagnetic, and ecological.
    The invention also relates to the use of such an alloy for the production of a horological spiral.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [0014] The invention relates to a method of improving an iron-nickel-chromium-manganese alloy for horological applications.
    According to the invention, a basic alloy is selected and produced comprising, by weight: from 4.0% to 13.0% of nickel, from 4.0% to 12.0% of chromium, from 21.0% to 25.0% of manganese, the iron complement, and this alloy is cured, while maintaining its antiferromagnetic properties, by introducing carbon and nitrogen into interstitial, with, in proportion of the mass of the base alloy: from 0.10% to 1.20% of carbon, and / or from 0.10% to 1.20% of nitrogen.
    More particularly, it adjusts the introduction of carbon and nitrogen, such that the sum of the proportions, by weight of the base alloy, carbon and nitrogen, is between 0.60% and 0. 95%.
    More particularly, this introduction of carbon and nitrogen is adjusted, such that the sum of the proportions by weight of the base alloy, carbon and nitrogen is between 0.75% and 0. 95%.
    More particularly, this introduction of carbon and nitrogen is adjusted, such that the sum of the proportions by weight of the base alloy, carbon and nitrogen is between 0.80% and 0. 85%.
    More particularly, it adjusts the introduction of carbon and nitrogen, such that the ratio of percentages of carbon and nitrogen in total mass of the base alloy is between 0.5 and 2.0.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    More particularly, this introduction of carbon and nitrogen is adjusted, such that the ratio of percentages of carbon and nitrogen in total mass of the base alloy is between 1.0 and 1.5. More particularly, one chooses this base alloy comprising, by mass, at least 8.0% of chromium. More particularly, is incorporated in the base alloy, in proportion to the mass of the base alloy, between 0.5% and 5.0% molybdenum and / or copper to improve its performance. to corrosion. More particularly, ferrochrome nitrogen is added to arrive at the right chemical composition. More particularly, carbon ferromanganese is added to arrive at the right chemical composition. More particularly, ferrochrome is added to nitrogen, and ferromanganese carbon to arrive at the right chemical composition. More particularly, the preparation of this alloy includes a casting process, comprising the following steps: - preparing in the appropriate proportions, on the one hand pure metals, nickel, chromium, iron, and on the other hand pre-alloys of the type: low-carbon ferrochrome called Nitrided Low Carbon Ferro Chromium, with 65% of chromium, 3% of nitrogen, the remainder of iron, ferromanganese with high carbon called High Carbon Ferro Manganese, with 75% of manganese, 7% of carbon, the rest of iron, low carbon ferromanganese said Low Carbon Ferro Manganese, with 95% of manganese, the rest of iron, - in a vacuum induction furnace, melt under partial pressure of nitrogen iron, nickel and chromium, - add low-carbon ferromanganese and high-carbon ferromanganese, - control the temperature and maintain it at approximately 20 ° C above the liquidus of the alloy, or at least 20 ° C above above the liquidus of the alloy, - add the ferrochrome to the low carbon nitrogen, which is the main nitrogen source, - control the temperature and maintain it at about 20 ° C above the liquidus of the alloy, or at least 20 ° C above the liquidus of the alloy, - proceed to the casting of the ingot. The invention also relates to the use of such an alloy for the production of a watch hairspring, including a spiral spring for oscillator. claims
    1. A method for improving an iron-nickel-chromium-manganese alloy for horological applications, characterized in that a base alloy is selected and prepared comprising, by weight: - 4.0% to 13.0 % nickel, - from 4.0% to 12.0% chromium, - from 21.0% to 25.0% manganese, - the iron complement, and in that one carries out a hardening of said alloy, while maintaining its antiferromagnetic properties, by introducing carbon and nitrogen interstitial, with, in proportion to the mass of said base alloy: - from 0.10% to 1.20% carbon, and / or - from 0 , 10% to 1.20% nitrogen.
    [2]
    2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that said introduction of carbon and nitrogen is adjusted, such that the sum of the proportions by mass of said base alloy, carbon and nitrogen, is between 0.degree. , 60% and 0.95%.
    [3]
    3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that adjusting said introduction of carbon and nitrogen, such that the sum of the proportions, by mass of said base alloy, carbon and nitrogen, is between 0 , 75% and 0.95%.
    [4]
    4. Process according to claim 3, characterized in that said introduction of carbon and nitrogen is adjusted, such that the sum of the proportions by mass of said base alloy, carbon and nitrogen, is between 0.degree. , 80% and 0.85%.
    [5]
    5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said adjustment of said carbon and nitrogen, such that the ratio of percentages of carbon and nitrogen in total mass of said base alloy is included between 0.5 and 2.0.
    [6]
    6. Process according to claim 5, characterized in that said introduction of carbon and nitrogen, such that the ratio of the percentages of carbon and nitrogen in total mass of said base alloy is between 1.0 and 1.5.
    [7]
    7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said base alloy comprising, by mass, at least 8.0% of chromium.
    [8]
    8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that incorporates said base alloy, in proportion to the mass of said base alloy, between 0.5% and 5.0% molybdenum and / or of copper to improve its resistance to corrosion.
    [9]
    9. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that ferrochrome is added to the nitrogen to arrive at the right chemical composition.
    [10]
    10. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that carbon ferromanganese is added to arrive at the right chemical composition.
    [11]
    11. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that ferrochrome is added to nitrogen, and ferromanganese carbon, to arrive at the right chemical composition.
    [12]
    12. The method of claim 11, characterized in that the development of said alloy includes a casting process, comprising the following steps: - prepare in the appropriate proportions, on the one hand pure metals, nickel, chromium, iron, and on the other hand, pre-alloys of the type: low carbon ferrochrome called Nitrided Low Carbon Ferro Chromium, with 65% of chromium, 3% of nitrogen, the rest of iron, ferromanganese high carbon said High Carbon Ferro Manganese, with 75% of manganese, 7% of carbon, the rest of iron, low carbon ferro-manganese known as Low Carbon Ferro Manganese, with 95% of manganese, the rest of iron, - in a vacuum induction furnace, melt under partial pressure of nitrogen iron, nickel and chromium, - add low-carbon ferromanganese and high-carbon ferromanganese, - control the temperature and keep it at least 20 ° C above the liquidus of the alloy, - add the ferrochrome with low carbon nitrogen, - check the temperature and keep it at least 20 ° C above the liquidus of the alloy, - proceed to the casting of the ingot.
    [13]
    13. Use of an alloy made according to one of claims 1 to 12 for producing a clockwork hairspring.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH711882B1|2019-06-28|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH01758/15A|CH711882B1|2015-12-02|2015-12-02|A process for hardening an iron-nickel-chromium-manganese alloy for horological applications.|CH01758/15A| CH711882B1|2015-12-02|2015-12-02|A process for hardening an iron-nickel-chromium-manganese alloy for horological applications.|
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